Lesson No. 21 - The Great Leader

THE GREAT LEADER
QUAID-E-AZAM MUHAMMAD ALI JINNAH

The 20th century has seen a number of great personalities on the international political scene. None of them is equal to Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah in intellect and honesty of purpose.

It was by sheer force of his personality, his firm determination and solid resolution that Quaid-e-Azam was able to carve out Pakistan on the map of the world. Nothing could keep back our Quaid from his resolve to transform the thought of Iqbal into reality, for every body knew that the Quaid always meant what he said.

Muhammad Ali Jinnah entered polities when he was made the Secretary of Dadabhai Naoroji in the annual session of the All India Congress which was presided over by Dadabhai himself. His reputation as an outstanding lawyer had been fully established when he became a Presidency Magistrate in 1900.

When in England studying for law, Muhammad Ali Jinnah never wasted any spare time he had. Instead he spent his time reading books on law and others subjects. He led a life of diligence, discipline and deep study. He particularly studied the lives of great men. He listened attentively and with a receptive mind the political debates and proceedings whenever the Parliament was in session.

The Quaid was a man of great and rare qualities of head and heart. He was a symbol of integrity and honesty. Even his worst enemies admitted that the Quaid was unpurchaseable. This quality not only endeared him to his own people but also won him the respect and admiration of his opponents.

Our great lender had great qualities. He was fearless and courageous. Everybody knew that he always meant what he said. Once he took a decision, he stood by it, no matter whatever the difficulties in the way. The creation of Pakistan is a testimony to his courage of his conviction. The Quaid never compromised over principles.

The motto of the Quaid, "Unity, Faith, Discipline" enabled the Muslims to achieve their goal against the combined and staunch opposition of the British Rule and the Hindu Majority.

The scheme of a separate Muslim state in the Indian sub-continent appeared not only to be a dream but a vague idea. It was also bitterly opposed. But it was Quaid-e- Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah who translated the dream of Allama Iqbal in to reality by his strong determination.

With every day passing in the struggle for Pakistan, the Quaid rose in the estimation of his people. It was the magic spell of his personality that he emerged as the most powerful and undisputed leader of the Muslims of the subcontinent. To free the Muslims form the British and Hindu rule, he worked hard day and night, despite of his failing health. But he abundant wealth of confidence and will-power. He was an excellent orator who could keep his audience spellbound for hours together. He argued his case for an independent state for the Muslims with such mastery of language that even the opponents were convinced by his forceful arguments.

The demand for a separate homeland for the Muslims was a expression of the deepest emotions of their political and cultural identity whose roots lie embedded in the state of Madina founded by Prophet Muhammad {SAWW). The Quaid had a clear concept of Islam as a code of life. He said in an interview to a British journalist, Beverley Nicholas, Islam is not a religious doctrine, but a realistic code of conduct in term of every day and everything important in life; our history, our laws and our jurisprudence. In all these things our outlook is not only fundamentally different but it is opposed to the Hindus. There is nothing in life that links us together. Our names, our clothes, our food, our festivals, our rituals, they are all different. Our economic life, our educational ideas, our treatment of women, our attitude to animals, our humanitarian consideration are very different''.

Addressing a Muslims League Convention, the Quaid said, ''What are we fighting for? What are aiming at? It is not a theocracy-nor a theocratic state. Religion is there and it is dear to us. There are other things which are very vital; our social life, our economic life and without political power, how can you defend your faith and your economic life?

"Pakistan should be based on sure foundations of social justice and Islamic socialism which emphasizes equality and brother hood of man," the Quaid said on an occasion when he was delivering a speech in Chittagong in March ,1948.

Quaid-e-Azam took great interest in the formation and progress of the Muslims Students Federation. His advice to the students after Pakistan came into being was, Now that you have achieved your goal, you have a Government of your own and country which belongs to you and in which you can live as free men. Your responsibilities and your approach to the political, social and economic problems must also change. The duties required of you are; develop a sound sense of discipline, character, initiative and a solid academic background. You must devote yourself whole-heartedly to your studies, for that is your first obligation to yourself, your parents and to the State."

In his address to the students of Islamia College Peshawar in April,1948 he said" Remember that your Government is like your garden which flourishes by the way you look after it and the efforts you put toward for its improvement. Similarly your Governments can only flourish by your patriotic, honest and constructive efforts to improve it ….."

"You must learn to distinguish between your love for your Province and your love and duty to the State as a whole. Our duty to the State takes us a stage beyond provincialism. It demands a broader sense of vision and greater sense of patriotism. Our duty to the state often demands that we must be ready to submerge our individual and provincial interests into the common case for common good. Our duty to the state comes first and our duty to our province, our district, our town and to our village and to ourselves comes next.''

Remember we are building up a state which is going to play its full part in the destinies of the whole Islamic World. We, therefore, need a wider out look which will cross the provincial boundaries, limited nationalism and racialism. We must develop a sense of patriotism which should bind us all into one united and strong nation".

"That is the only way in which we can achieve our goal: the goal of our struggle, the goal for which millions of Mussulmans have lost their all and laid down their lives for the cause of Islam and Pakistan."

Quaid's motto, "Work, Work, and Work" is a call to wake us up from slumber and work hard to achieve national goals. It is the earnest desire of every Pakistani to see Pakistan attaining the stature visualized by our great leader, Quaid-e-Azam. Each one of us should try and act upon the golden principles the Quaid gave to the nation and follow him in his footsteps and thus obtain for Pakistan a respectable and dignified place in the comity of nations.
.
EXERCISES

.
Q:1 Answer the following questions.

.

i) What is the meaning of the Quaid's motto?
Ans: The meaning of Quaid's motto is that we should be united, have faith in our God and be a disciplined.

.
ii) What did the Quaid say in an interview to Beverley Nicholas?
Ans: In his interview the Quaid said, "Islam is not only a religious doctrine but also a complete code of conduct in life."

.
iii) What did he say while addressing a Muslim League Convention?
Ans: While addressing a Muslim League Convention he said, "We are not fighting for theocracy. In addition to religion we want better, social and economic life.

.
iv) How can we make Pakistan great?
Ans: We can make Pakistan great by forging national unity and by overcoming individual and provincial differences.

.
v) What is the role of the students in the progress of our country?
Ans: The duties of the students are that they should develop a sound sense of discipline, character with a solid academic background.
.
i) What advice did the Quaid give to the Muslim Students Federation?
Ans: His advice to students was, "You are free now, so you should change your approach to political and economic problems.

.
ii) Give a sketch of Quaid-e-Azam's character.
Ans: The Quaid-e-Azam was one of th e greatest leaders of the 20th century. He had no equal in intellect and honesty of purpose. He had a forceful personality. He was a man of dogged determination. He meant whatever he said. He was a man of rare qualities of head and heart. He was fearless and courageous. Once he took a decision he stood by it whatever the difficulties in the way. He was a symbol of integrity and honesty. He was unpurchaseable. His motto was, "Unity, Faith and Discipline." He believed in work, work and more work.

.
Q:2 Change the following passage into the present tense.

.
The Quaid was a man of great and rare qualities of head and heart. He was a symbol of integrity and honesty. Even his worst enemies admitted that the Quaid was unpurchaseable. This quality not only endeared him to his own people but also won him the respect and admiration of his opponents.
.
Ans: The Quaid is a man of great and rare qualities of head and heart. He is a symbol of integrity and honesty. Even his worst enemies admits that the Quaid is unpurchaseable. This quality not only endears him to his own people but also wins him the respect and admiration of his opponents.

.
Q:3 Make Nouns from the following words:
Example: achieve – achievement
.

Words ........................................... Noun
Develop .......................................... Development
Create .................................................. Creation
Youthful ...................................Youth/Youthfulness
Destroy ............................................. Destruction
Advise ...................................................... Advice
Strong .................................................... Strength
Happy .................................................. Happiness
Provincial .......................................... Provincialism
Live ............................................................. Life
Political .................................................... Politics
Social .................................................... Socialism

Q:4 Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:
For, to, with, up and into.

.
i) Even a child knows that a Muslim stand for Pakistan.

.
ii) You will agree with me.

.
iii) You must devote yourself to your studies.

.
iv) We have to mould our people into a well organized and solid nation.
.

v) If you want to build up yourself into a nation, for God's sake give up this provincialism.
.

Q:5 For each word in list 'A' choose a word similar in meaning from list 'B'. For example separate – apart, are similar in meaning:

.
List 'A' ........................................... List 'B' ................................................ List 'C'
Create ........................................ Liberty ........................... Make something new
Separate ................................ Make something new ........................ Apart
Fundamental ........................ Energetic ................................... Basic
High ...................................... Respect ...................................... Tall
Active ............................................. Tall ............................................. Energetic
Freedom ..................................... Basic ........................................... Liberty
Famous ................................... Well known ................................. Well known
Honour .................................. Apart ................................... Respect
.

Q:6 Punctuation:

.
Its, It's
'its' means belonging to it.
Example: The baby has lost its doll. The cat is eating its dinner.
"It's" is short for 'it is' or 'it has'
Example: It's a long way from here.
(It is a long way)
It's been a very hot summer.
(It has been)

.
Now, rewrite the following passages by putting in apostrophe (') where necessary.
"Hello, Saleem, its nice to see you again. Its been a long time since we last met. How are you"?
Im very well. Thank you, Akmal, But my dog isn't very well. Its burnt its foot and I am taking it to the veterinary hospital. "Yes, I can see that its limping. Look, its holding u its paw for me to see!"
"Where is the veterinary hospital, Saleem? I knows its somewhere near here".
"Yes, its just in the next street. Come on, Ill take you".
"Thank you, Saleem: Its very kind of you.
.
Ans: 'Hello, Saleem, it's nice to see you again. It's been a long time since we last met. How are you"?
I'm very well. Thank you, Akmal. But my dog isn't very well. It's burnt its foot and I am taking it to the veterinary hospital. "Yes, I can see that it's limping. Look, it's holding up its paw for me to see!"
"Where is the veterinary hospital, Saleem? I know it's somewhere near here".
"Yes, it's just in the next street. Come on, I'll take you". "Thank you, Saleem. It's very kind of you.

.
Consult your dictionary to find out meanings of these words:

.
Words .....................................

Meanings (In Urdu)

...
Resolution .........................................

Irada, Qarardar

Carve .................................................

Kuraidna, kandah karna

Transform .........................................

Tabdeel ho jana ya karna

Diligence ............................................

Mehnat

Rare ...................................................

Kamyab

Endear ...............................................

Pasand Karna

Opponents ........................................

Mukhalfeen

Testimony .........................................

Saboot, Shahadat

Compromise ......................................

Soday bazi karna, man jana

Convictions ........................................

Yaqeen, Irada, qanooni saza

Concept ..............................................

Nazarya, Mafhoom

Initiative ............................................

Koi kam ibtada karnay ki salahyet

Emphasis ...........................................

Zor, dabao

Patriotism ..........................................

Hubbulwatni

Visualize .............................................

Sochna, Zehen mai khaka tayar karma

Comity ................................................

Majlis, Jamat, Giroh
.
Creative writing:
.

Q:8 "Write a essay on "A Great Leader:.
.

Ans: A Great Leader
Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah is the founder of Pakistan. He was a great leader and undaunting politician.

He was born in Karachi on December 25, 1876. After his early education in Karachi and Bombay, he went to England for higher education. He distinguished himself over there and returned to India as a barrister. He started law practice in Bombay. In a short time, he became one of the best lawyers of India.

He joined Congress and worked for Hindu Muslim unity. Later on, when he came to know that Hindu leaders were narrow minder, he left Congress and joined Muslim League. He worked hard for the good of the Muslims and organized them. On March 23, 1940 the Muslim League passed a resolution demanding separate homeland for the Muslims of India. It is known as Pakistan Resolution. As a result of his struggle, Pakistan appeared on the map of the world on August 14, 1947. He took oath as the first Governor General of Pakistan.

His health went down day by day due to his overwork. He died on September 11, 1948. May God shower his blessings upon him (Amen).
.
Q:9 Read the text rapidly to look for particular items of information as asked below.
.

After a long struggle under the banner of the All India Muslim League, Pakistan became an independent state on 14th August 1947 with Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah as the leader.

Pakistan became Sovereign Republic on March 23, 1956. Muslims, Hindu, Christians, Buddhists and people of Scheduled castes live in Pakistan. Majority are Muslims. The National language of Pakistan is Urdu. The official language is, however, English.
In addition, a number of regional languages are spoken, e.g. Punjabi, Pushto, Sindhi, Balochi and Saraiki.

.
Answer Orally:
i) When did Pakistan become a Sovereign Republic?
Ans: Pakistan became a sovereign republic on March 23, 1956.

.
ii) What religions do the majority of people follow?
Ans: The majority of people follow 'Islam'.

.
iii) What is the official language of Pakistan?
Ans: The official language of Pakistan is, 'English'.
.
iv) Name a few regional languages spoken in Pakistan.
Ans: Punjabi, Pushto, Sindhi, Balochi and Saraiki.

.
v) Give a suitable title to the passage.
Ans: The suitable title to the passage is, "Pakistan".

..............................