Lesson No. 7 - Human Rights And Madina Charter

HUMAN RIGHTS AND MADINA CHARTER

Masjid-e- Nabwi was the meeting place of the Muslims and also the headquarters of the administration. Madina was not an all Muslim town. There were the Jews, too. To create a harmony and mutual cooperation, a just and fair treaty was signed by the two parties, Jews and Muslims. Some of the important clauses of this treaty are:

i) Muslims and Jews, the parties of this agreement, shall form one community.
ii) The Jews who sign this pact shall be entitled to assistance by the Muslims, if needed and shall enjoy the same rights as the Muslims.
iii) Muslims shall join hands with the Jews to fight anyone who rebels or promotes enmity.
iv) The Jews shall keep to their own faith and the Muslims to theirs.
v) If a common enemy attacks Madina, joint resistance by the Jews and the Muslims shall be put up against the enemy.
vi) All disputes shall be referred for decision to God and the Holy Prophet (SAWW).

This lslamic Charter goes far beyond granting equal rights to the minority. It not only granted them protection but also ensured complete liberty in observing their religious rites. They were to the equal partners in peace and war and enjoyed all human rights.

On August 11, 1947 the address of Quaid-e-Azam to the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan also reflected the spirit of the Madina Charter. He declared the granting of equal rights to the communities without any discrimination of caste, colour or religion. The incorporation of the clauses of Madina Charter the Charter in the Charter of the Human Rights of United Nation shows that lslam is the greatest protector of Human Rights.

Words

Meaning

.
Treaty

An agreement
Declare

Announce
Incorporation

United in one group
Create

Make something new or original
Harmony

Agreement of opinion and feelings
Mutual

Shared
Just

In accordance with what is right
Fair

Not showing favour to any person
Clause

Component of a substance or subject
Pact

Agreement
Entitle

Give a right to
Rebel

Protest strongly
Enmity

Feelings of hatred or hostility
Resistance

To oppose
Dispute

Controversy, argument
Decision

Decide an act accordingly
Refer

Turn to/go to for information
Ensure

Make sure
Observe

Watch carefully
Rite

Religious ceremony
Reflect

Consider / think on
Discrimination

Ability to treat differently
Caste

Belonging to a social class/rank

.
EXERCISES

Q:1 Read the lesson and fill in the missing words to complete the sentences.

Missing words are in red and bold

i) Masjid-e-Nabwi was the meeting place of the Muslims and the headquarters of the administration.
ii) The treaty was signed by the Jews and Muslims.
iii) The treaty was meant to create harmony and mutual co-operation.
iv) The Islamic Charter goes far beyond granting equal rights.
v) Quaid-e-Azam delivered his address to the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan August 11, 1947.

Q:2 Look up the meaning o f these words in a dictionary.

Words Meanings

(in Urdu language)
.

Administration - Intezamia

At par with - Musavi/barabar
Harmony - Mutabqat

Ensure - Yaqeen delana
Mutual cooperation - Bahme Ta awan

Discrimination - Imtiaz/farq
Treaty - Muaaida/mesaq

Incorporation - Shamuliat
Stress - Zor day na

Resistance - Muzahemat
Clause - Shiq

Against - Khilaf
Establish - Qaim karma

Dispute - Jhagra
Rites - Mazhabi rasumaat

Demonstration - Amle muzahera
Observance - Paobandi/lahaz

Reflected - Zahir kia
Declared - Élaan

Caste - Zaat

Q:3 Choose the most appropriate (the best) answer.

i) The Holy Prophet (SAWW) was forced to migrate to Madina means.
(a) He was asked to shift (b) He was willing to shift (c) He was compelled to shift and (d) He was unwilling to shift
ii) Jews of Madina were treated by the Muslims.
(a) as outsiders (b) as enemies (c) as equals and (d) as inferiors
iii) two main points of the Madina Charter are
(a) respect and honour (b) promise and hope (c) equality and fraternity and (d) financial support and help.
iv) The main idea of Quaid-e-Azam's address was
(a) "Develop Pakistan" (b) "Equal rights for all" (c) "Muslims have more rights" and (d) "Minorities shall not be given preference"
v) If an enemy attacks Madina
(a) Jews will not be permitted to fight (b) Jews and Muslims shall fight together (c) Muslims will only defend Muslims and (d) Jews will only fight for the Jews.

Q:4 Tick (-/) the statements as True or False.

i) Masjid-e-Nabvi was the meeting place of the Muslims. (T)
ii) Madina was an all Muslim Town. (T)
iii) The Treaty was signed by the Jews only. (T)
iv) Minorities in Pakistan have to be treated differently. (F)
v) 'Fraternity' means freedom. (T)
vi) The treaty of Madina demonstrates practical application of the principles of Islam. (T)

Q:5 Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions, selecting from these given below.
(to, in, into, with, for, by)

i) The Holy Prophet (SAWW) was forced to migrate to Madina.
ii) This was demonstrated by the treaty.
iii) The cases shall be referred for decision to the Holy Prophet (SAWW).
iv) Let us begin to work for that spirit.
v) The Jews were admitted by the Muslim society as equal partners.

Q:6 Use the correct form of the verbs.

i) An agreement was (write) down.
Ans: An agreement was written down.

ii) The Treaty granted protection and (ensure) equality.
Ans: The Treaty granted protection and ensured equality.

iii) He has (did) his job to the satisfaction of his superiors.
Ans: He has done his job to the satisfaction of his superiors.

iv) The agreement (be) between the Muslims and Jews.
Ans: The agreement will be between the Muslims and Jews.

Q:7 Use the following words in sentences of your own.

Enmity

He is trying to resolve old enmity.
Justice

Justice keeps peace and order in a society.
Discrimination

No discrimination is made between Muslims and non Muslims in an Islamic society.
Rights

We should be conscious of our rights.
Dispute

There is no dispute between us.
Stress

Islam stresses that all are equal in the eyes of God.
Prejudice

There is no prejudice in Islam.
Progress

Justice and equality bring peace and progress in a country.

Q:8 Answer the following questions.

i) How should the enemies be treated according to the Holy Quran?
Ans: Islam teaches us to treat our enemies without discrimination. It advises us to treat our enemies humanly and politely as far as it is possible.

ii) Mention any two clauses of the Treaty of Madina.
Ans: (a) Muslims and Jews the parties of this agreement, shall from one
community.

(b) The Jews who sign this pact shall be entitled to assistance by the Muslims, if needed and shall enjoy the same rights as the Muslims.

iii) What is meant by 'mutual co-operation'?
Ans: The act of working together to achieve a common aim is called co-operation. Therefore, the mutual co-operation means to co-operate with one another to get a common aim.

Q:9 Punctuate the following.

madina was not an all muslim town there were jews too to create a harmony and mutual cooperation a just and fair treaty was sighed by the two parties Jews and Muslims.

Ans: Madina was not an all Muslim town. There were the Jews, too. To create a harmony and mutual cooperation, just and fair treaty was signed by the two parties, Jews and Muslims.

PUNCTUATION

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